Mathematics 10 Student Centre

Course-Wide Content

Glossary

adjacent side

The side that forms one of the arms of the acute angle being considered in a right triangle, but is not the hypotenuse.

altitude (of a triangle)

The perpendicular distance from a vertex to the opposite side.

angle of depression

The angle formed by the horizontal and a line of sight below the horizontal.

angle of elevation

The angle formed by the horizontal and a line of sight above the horizontal.

apex

The highest point of a pyramid, perpendicular and opposite to the base.

base

(of a three-dimensional object) The bottom face of a three-dimensional object that is orientated in a traditional way.

binomial

A polynomial with two terms. For example, x² + 3, m²n + 4n, and 2x – 5y are binomials.

circumference

The boundary or perimeter of a circle. This is a linear measurement. It is often represented by the variable C.

coincident lines

Lines that occupy the same position. In a graph of two coincident lines, any point of either line lies on the other line.

common factor

A term that is a factor of two or more terms. For example, 2 is a common factor of 4, 12, and 18, and x is a common factor of x², xy, and xy².

common multiple

A number that is a multiple of two or more numbers. For example, common multiples of 3 and 5 are 15, 30, 45, 60, ....

cone

A three-dimensional object with a circular base and a curved lateral surface that extends from the base to the vertex.

continuous data

Data values on a graph that are connected.

coordinates

The values in an ordered pair. The x-coordinate is the distance from the vertical or y-axis. The y-coordinate is the distance from the horizontal or x-axis.

cosine ratio

For an acute angle in a right triangle, the ratio of the length of

the adjacent side to the length of the hypotenuse. cos A =

cube root

One of three equal factors of a number. For example,

cylinder

A three-dimensional object with two parallel and congruent circular bases.

degree (of a polynomial)

The degree of the highest-degree term in a polynomial. For example, the polynomial 7a² – 3a has a degree of two.

degree (of a term)

The sum of the exponents on the variable in a single term. For example, the degree 3x²z² is 5. A variable with no exponent has a degree of one, so 3a has a degree of one.

dependent variable

The variable whose values depend on those of the independent variable.

difference of squares

An expression of the form a² – b² that involves the subtraction of two squares. For example, x² – 4 and y² – 25 are differences of squares.

discrete data

Data values on a graph that are not connected.

distributive property

The rule that states a(b + c) = ab + ac. For example, 40(20 + 6) = (40)(20) + (40)(6).

domain

The set of all possible values for the independent variable in a relation.

elimination method

An algebraic method of solving a system of equations. Add or subtract the equations to eliminate one variable and solve for the other variable.

entire radical

The product of 1 and a radical. For example,

and

are entire radicals.

exponent

The number of times you multiply the base in a power by itself. For example, in 2³, the exponent is 3, so the base is multiplied by itself three times. 2 × 2 × 2 = 8.

face

A flat or curved surface of a three-dimensional object.

factor

Any number or variable that, when multiplied with one or more other numbers or variables, forms a product. For example, the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12, and the factors of a²b are a, a, and b.

function

A relation in which each value of the independent variable is associated with exactly one value of the dependent variable. For every value in the domain there is a unique value in the range.

function notation

A notation used when a relation is a function. It is written f(x) and read as “f of x” or “f at x.”

general form

The equation of a line in the form Ax + By + C = 0, where A, B, and C are real numbers, and A and B are not both zero. By convention, A is a whole number. This means that A will always be positive.

greatest common factor (GCF)

The largest factor shared by two or more terms. For example, the GCF of 12 and 28 is 4, and the GCF of x²yz and x²y³ is x²y.

hypotenuse

The side opposite the right angle in a right triangle.

imperial system

A system of measurement based on British units

independent variable

The variable for which values are selected.

index

Indicates what root to take.

irrational number

A number that cannot be expressed in the form

, where a and b are integers, and b ≠ 0. It cannot

be expressed as a terminating or repeating decimal. For example, ?? = 3.1415... and

= 2.236...

are irrational numbers.

lateral area

The surface that joins two bases of a three-dimensional object or that joins the base to the highest point.

least common multiple (LCM)

The smallest multiple shared by two or more terms. For example, the LCM of 6 and 8 is 24.

like terms

Terms that have the same variable(s) raised to the same exponent(s). For example, 3x and –2x are like terms.

metric system

A system of measurement in which all units are based on powers of ten. The metre is the basic unit of length.

mixed radical

The product of a rational number and a radical. For example,

and

are mixed radicals.

monomial

A polynomial with one term. For example, 5, 2x, 3s², –8cd, and

are monomials.

multiple (of a number)

The product of a given number and an integral value. For example, the multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20, ....

non-linear relation

A relation that does not form a straight line when the data are plotted on a graph.

opposite side

The sides across from the acute angle being considered in a right triangle. It is the side that does not form one of the arms of the angle being considered.

parallel lines

Lines in the same plane that do not intersect. They have the same slope but different intercepts.

parameter

A variable that has a constant value in a particular equation.

perfect cube

A number that can be expressed as the product of three equal factors. For example, 64 = (4)(4)(4) or 4³.

perfect square

A number that can be expressed as the product of two equal factors. For example, 16 = (4)(4) or 4².

perfect square trinomial

The result of squaring a binomial. For example, (x + 5)² = x² + 10x + 25 is a perfect square trinomial.

perpendicular lines

Two lines that intersect at right angles (90°). These two lines have slopes that are negative reciprocals of each other.

point of intersection

A point at which two lines touch or cross.

polynomial

An algebraic expression formed by adding or subtracting terms. For example, x + 5, 2d – 2.4, and 3s² + 5s – 6 are polynomials.

power

An expression made up of a base and an exponent. For example, in the power 6³, 6 is the base and 3 is the exponent.

primary trigonometric ratios

The three ratios—sine, cosine, and tangent—defined in a right triangle.

prime factor

A factor that is a prime number; that is, a number divisible only by 1 and itself. For example, the prime factors of 10 are 2 and 5.

prime factorization

The process of writing a number as a product of its prime factors. For example, the prime factorization of 24 is 2 × 2 × 2 × 3.

prism

A three-dimensional object with two parallel and congruent polygon bases and rectangular sides.

pyramid

A three-dimensional object with one base and the same number of triangular faces as there are sides on the base.

radical

Consists of a root symbol, an index, and a radicand.

It can be rational (for example,

) or irrational (for example,

radicand

The quantity under the radical sign.

range

The set of all possible values for the dependent variable as the independent variable takes on all possible values of the domain.

rational exponent

An exponent that can be expressed as the quotient of two integers, where the divisor is not zero.

For example, in

is a rational exponent.

rational number

A number that can be expressed as the quotient of two integers, where the divisor is not zero.

For example, 0.5,

, and –2 are rational numbers.

referent

An item that an individual uses as a measurement for estimating. For example, the height of the doorknob above the floor is about 1 m, or the thickness of a dime is about 1 mm.

relation

An association between two quantities. It can be presented in words, as an equation, as a table of values, as ordered pairs, or as a graph.

set notation

A formal mathematical way to give the values of domain and range. For example, the domain is {x | x ≤ 10, x ∈ R} and the range is {y | y > 20, y ∈ R}.

SI (Système International d’Unités)

A system of measurement in which all units are based on powers of ten. The metre is the basic unit of length.

sine ratio

For an acute angle in a right triangle, the ratio of the length of the opposite side to the length of the hypotenuse.

In the diagram, sin A =

slant height

The shortest lateral distance from the edge of the base of a cone or pyramid to its highest point.

slope

The ratio of the vertical change, or rise, to the horizontal change, or run, of a line or line segment. Slope is not expressed with units.

slope-intercept form

The equation of a line in the form y = mx + b, where m is the slope of the line and b is the y-intercept.

slope-point form

The equation of a non-vertical line in the form y – y1 = m(x – x1), where m is the slope and (x1, y1) are the coordinates of a point on the line.

solution (to a system of linear equations)

A point of intersection of the lines on a graph. It is an ordered pair that satisfies both equations, or a pair of values occurring in the tables of values of both equations.

solution (to a system of linear equations)

A point of intersection of the lines on a graph. It is an ordered pair that satisfies both equations, or a pair of values occurring in the tables of values of both equations.

sphere

A round, ball-shaped object. It is a set of points in space that are a given distance (radius) from a fixed point (centre).

square root

One of two equal factors of a number. For example,

substitution method

An algebraic method of solving a system of equations. Solve one equation for one variable. Then, substitute that value into the other equation and solve for the other variable.

surface area

The number of square units needed to cover a three-dimensional object. It is the sum of the areas of all the faces of an object.

system of linear equations

Two or more linear equations involving common variables

tangent (of a circle)

A line that touches a circle at exactly one point. The line is perpendicular to the radius at that point. The point where the line touches the circle is called the point of tangency.

tangent ratio

For an acute angle in a right triangle, the ratio of the length of the opposite side to the length of the adjacent side.

In the diagram, tan A =

term

A number or a variable, or the product of numbers and variables. For example, the expression 5x and 3 has two terms: 5x and 3.

trinomial

A polynomial with three terms. For example, x² + 3x – 1 and 2x² – 5xy + 10y² are trinomials.

vertical line test

A test to see if a graph represents a function. If any vertical line crosses the graph at more than one point, the relation is not a function. The graph on the left is a relation. The graph on the right is not.

volume

The amount of space a three-dimensional object occupies. It is measured in cubic units.

x-intercept

The x-coordinate of the point where a line or curve crosses the x-axis. It is the value of x when y = 0.

y-intercept

The y-coordinate of the point where a line or curve crosses the y-axis. It is the value of y when x = 0.

Student Web Links

Page 7 Information About Photogrammetrists
Dream Computers Pty Ltd
	• job description for photogrammetrist ( http://www.job-descriptions.org/photogrammetrist.html )



Education-online-search.com
	• duties, skills, training, job outlook for photogrammetrist ( http://www.education-online-search.com/articles/careers/vocational_careers/photogrammetri... )

Page 10 Video Showing How to Read an SI Caliper
Wikimedia Foundation Inc.
	• steps to reading an SI caliper ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Using_the_caliper_new_en.gif )



David M. Harrison, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Toronto
	• explanation of how to read a vernier caliper • Fixed scale is shifted 1 mm to the right of the left jaw, so accurate measurement of item is indicated at zero on the moving scale. ( http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Vernier/Vernier.html )

Page 19 Learn About the History of Music Distribution
Wikimedia Foundation Inc.
	• history of the music industry including methods of distributing music ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_industry )

Page 23 How to Read an Imperial Caliper
Wikimedia Foundation Inc.
	• how to use a Vernier caliper • the Tips link to a Java applet showing a caliper in action ( http://www.wikihow.com/Use-a-Vernier-Caliper )

Page 33 learn about past and present music storage devices
Wikimedia Foundation Inc.
	• information on 78 rpm records, as well as record albums, other record speeds, and so on. ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramophone_record#78.C2.A0rpm_disc_size )



Wikimedia Foundation Inc.
	• history of cassette tapes • information about cassette tapes and players/recorders ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_audio_cassette )



About.com, part of The New York Times Company
	• history of MP3 ( http://inventors.about.com/od/mstartinventions/a/MPThree.htm )

Page 37 Learn About Laser Technology Related to Music Storage
Wikipedia Foundation Inc.
	• information on how CDs are manufactured and how lasers are involved ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD_manufacturing )

Page 55 Learn About Industrial Design
Association of Canadian Industrial Designers
	• definition of industrial design • examples of industrial designers’ work ( http://www.designcanada.org/what-is-ID.html )

Page 57 Learn About How Vinyl Records are Made
eil.com
	• detailed outline of how to make a vinyl record ( http://eil.com/explore/guide/vinyl_making.asp )



Google videos
	• hear a recording done on a wax cylinder; see the machine ( http://video.google.ca/videoplay?docid=7674917925194039795&ei=ag6LS96tAZ-6qwLUsOW7Aw&q=wa... )



YouTube
	• see machine recording and hear recording on wax cylinder ( http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WVTMPbMrU_0 )



YouTube
	• brief history of wax cylinder recording ( http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_C6noBmD0cw )

Page 67 Learn about Blackfoot Crossing Historical Park
Blackfoot Crossing Historical Park
	• information about the Siksika Nation and Blackfoot Crossing Historical Park ( http://www.blackfootcrossing.ca/aboutus.html )

Page 81 Video showing the relationship between the volume of a right cone and the volume of a right cylinder
Glencoe.com
	• video animation • discusses the volumes of pyramids, cones, and spheres compared to that of a related prism ( http://www.glencoe.com/sites/texas/student/mathematics/assets/animation/prealgebra/PREALG... )

Page 90 Video that describes the cell phone development by Motorola
Motorola.com
	• history of the development of the cell phone since the 1930s • Click play ??? to watch the video. ( http://www.motorola.com/content.jsp?globalObjectId=7662-10813 )

Page 151 Learn About Artists
QandAs.com
	• description of what an artist does, including several types of artists ( http://career.qandas.com/jobs/what-does-an-artist-do.html )



University of Regina
	• article about how artists use math ( http://mathcentral.uregina.ca/beyond/articles/Art/art1.html )

Page 154 Learn about perfect squares and square roots
Jim Reed
	• definitions and examples of perfect squares and square roots • If you enter a number, the calculator gives the positive and negative square roots ( http://argyll.epsb.ca/jreed/math9/strand1/1103.htm )

Page 155 Learn about prime factorization and to use a prime factorization tool
MathsIsFun.com
	• definitions and examples of prime numbers and prime factorization • To use prime factorization tool, scroll to the bottom of the page and click the link. After you enter your number, make sure you click Go. ( www.mathsisfun.com/prime-factorization.html )

Page 185 Information about the golden ratio and the golden rectangle
MathsIsFun.com
	• explanation of the golden ratio, including steps to calculate it and where it might be found in architecture ( www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/golden-ratio.html )



Wolfram Research
	• explanation of the golden ratio, with a link to the golden rectangle ( http://mathworld.wolfram.com/GoldenRatio.html )



Wolfram Research
	• explanation of the golden rectangle ( http://mathworld.wolfram.com/GoldenRectangle.html )

Page 189 Information about pentagrams and how to draw one
MathsIsFun.com
	• definition of a pentagram, including ratios of the lengths and tips for drawing a pentagram ( www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/pentagram.html )

Page 194 Information about Canada’s satellites
Government of Canada – Space Agency
	• description of different types of satellites • provides links to specific details about each Canadian satellite at the bottom of the page ( www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/satellites/default.asp )

Page 195 Information about Fibonacci spirals
Ron Knott
	• scroll down for information on Fibonacci spirals and where examples are found in nature ( www.mcs.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/R.Knott/Fibonacci/fibnat.html )

Page 267 (Chapter Opener, Career Link) • information about forensic scientists
Simon Fraser University
	• describes the discipline of forensic science and some of the sub-specialties ( http://www.sfu.ca/~ganderso/forensic_science.htm )



Canadian Society of Forensic Science
	• information education programs and careers in forensic science ( http://www.csfs.ca/ )

Page 269 (6.1 Investigate) • interactive investigation of distance-time graphs
Math Warehouse
	• move a ship across the screen and explore the relationship between distance and time ( http://graphs.mathwarehouse.com/distance-time-graph-activity.php )

Page 276 (6.1 #9) • the wooden roller coaster, The Coaster, at the PNE
YouTube
	• video of construction of the wooden roller coaster, The Coaster, at the PNE ( http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0guSx7FcKmY )



YouTube
	• ride The Coaster, at the PNE ( http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ml8YOnXkdvw )

Page 298 (6.3 Example 2) • graph of a rider’s height above the ground when on a Ferris wheel
Ferris Wheel
	• applet showing how rotation of wheel relates to height-time graph ( http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/~dschultz/FerrisWheel/ferriswheel.html )



<applet to come>
	<applet to come> ( # )

Page 329 (6.5 #19, Mini Lab) • avalanche safety
Canadian Avalanche Centre
	• information on trip planning, gear, and safety ( http://www.avalanche.ca/cac/ )

Page 339 (Chapter Opener, Career Link) • information about archaeologists
Parks Canada
	• this site offers information on archaeology • students can take virtual 3-D tours of some of Canada’s archaeological sites ( http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/progs/arch/index.aspx )

Page 375 (7.3 Example 3) • learn more about mountain climbing
British Columbia Mobility Opportunities Society
	• information on mountain climbing endeavours by Brad Zdanivsky and other people with physical disabilities ( http://www.bcmos.org/main/extreme_hikes.php )



Government of Alberta
	• information of mountain climbing and other tourism activities, including popular locations in Alberta ( http://www1.travelalberta.com/en-media/index.cfm?pageid=2107 )

Page 380 (7.3 #17) • components of population growth in parts of Canada
Government of Canada
	• statistics on population growth in each province or territory ( http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/demo33c-eng.htm )

Page 415 (Chapter Opener, Career Link) • information about biologists
T. L
	• job description for biological scientist, including salary and mathematics topics used by biologists ( http://xpmath.com/careers/jobsresult.php?groupID=2&jobID=29 )



B.C. Ministry of the Environment
	• description of a career as a wildlife biologist, including salary range and educational requirements ( www.env.gov.bc.ca/careers/jobs/biologists_wb.html )



John H. Roese
	• description of requirements for a career as a wildlife biologist ( www.biologyreference.com/Ve-Z/Wildlife-Biologist.html )

Page 442 (8.2 #9 Unit Project) • information about low-flow shower heads and other water-saving fixtures
BC Hydro
	• strategies to conserve water in the home ( http://www.bchydro.com/guides_tips/green-your-home/water_guide.html )



Statistics Canada
	• articles and statistics on water use and conservation ( http://www.statcan.gc.ca/stcsr/query.html?qt=water&col=alle&ht=0&qp=%2Btopic%3A113113165&... )

Page 446 (8.3 Intro) • information about Arctic Winter Games
CBC Sports Archives
	• includes television and radio clips about the Arctic Winter Games ( http://archives.cbc.ca/sports/more_sports/topics/1194/ )



The Canadian Encyclopedia
	• history of the Arctic Winter Games ( http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=a1ARTA0000299 )

Page 467 (CO, Career Link) • information about air traffic controllers
NavCanada
	• video showing the role of an ATC • NavCanada is responsible for all ATC licensing in Canada ( http://takecharge.navcanada.ca/en/content/coolstuff )

Page 469 (9.1, Investigate) • practise the algebraic method with a virtual scale
Algebra Balance Scales
	The activity Algebra Balance Scales has a Java applet that uses a balance scale with one variable equations. ( www.tutor.com/Resources/SubTopic.aspx?id=204 )

Page 477 (9.1, #17) • information about Wascana Waterfowl Par
Wascana Centre
	• includes information about the Wascana Waterfowl Park and other parks in Regina, SK. ( http://www.wascana.sk.ca/waterfowlpark.html )

Page 481 (9.2, Investigate) • practise the algebraic method with a virtual scale
NCTM
	• This applet uses a virtual pan balance to compare algebraic expressions. ( http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=10 )



Utah State University, National Library of Virtual Manipulatives
	• This applet uses a virtual balance scale to help students manipulate algebraic expressions. ( http://nlvm.usu.edu/en/nav/frames_asid_324_g_4_t_2.html )

Page 506 (Unit 4 Project closer) • information about reducing water use in the home
Environment Canada
	• suggestions for reducing water use in the home and in the community ( http://ec.gc.ca/eau-water/default.asp?lang=En&n=344B115B-1 )



Natural Resources Canada
	• suggestions for reducing water use in the home ( http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/residential/personal/new-homes/water-conservation.cfm?attr=4 )

Succeed in Math

Do you want to do better in math? Check out this link for some suggestions that will help you.

Web Games

Follow these links to some online math games that will amuse you and your friends.

Tower of Hanoi
	In this puzzle, a (variable) number of rings are placed in a “tower”, largest to smallest. The object is to move the rings, one at a time, onto two additional towers, until all of the rings are on the last tower. ( http://www.dynamicdrive.com/dynamicindex12/towerhanoi.htm )

Math Hangman
	Guess the letters in the words or phrases selected by the computer before you run out of moves. This game will stretch your knowledge and your vocabulary. ( http://www.mathsisfun.com/games/hangman-game-with-math-words.html )

Sprouts
	This is a game for two players. Take turns drawing curves between any two dots. The player who draws the last possible curve wins. The curves must not intersect, and no more than three curves may come from any dot. ( http://www.math.utah.edu/~alfeld/Sprouts/ )

Daleks
	This keyboard-controlled game is based on the television series Dr. Who. The goal is to help Dr. Who escape the Daleks (evil robots). To win, you will need your knowledge of two-dimensional geometry, logical thinking, and planning skills. ( http://www.koobifora.com/daleks/ )

Set Game
	This card game may seem simple at first, but it will surprise you. The cards have four attributes: colour, shape, number, and shading. To score, you must find three cards that are either all alike or all different within each of the four categories. Mentally juggling all four categories is more challenging than it sounds! ( http://2n1.org/applets/set/ )

Awari
	Awari is an ancient game that was played using stones and holes in the ground. The object is to capture the greatest number of stones. ( http://www.copleys.com/awari.htm )

3-D Noughts and Crosses
	A three-dimensional version of the popular game tic-tac-toe. The game has four layers, each with a 4-by-4 grid. Use this game to improve your ability to think in three dimensions. ( http://web.ukonline.co.uk/arthur.vause/ThreeDoxo.html )

The Factor Game
	How well do you know the factors of numbers from 1 to 100? Take turns (with another player or with the computer) identifying the factors of a number chosen by your opponent. The game ends when there are no more numbers and factors to select. The winner is the player with the greatest sum. Play a few times to develop a strategy! ( http://illuminations.nctm.org/tools/tool_detail.aspx?id=12 )

The Game of Life
	The Game of Life uses biological growth patterns and mathematical patterning to simulate the growth or death of a culture. The object is to create a living system that is able to sustain itself. ( http://www.math.com/students/wonders/life/life.html )

Knot Funny
	This game challenges you to unscramble 16 numbers in a 4-by-4 grid. The catch is that you cannot move individual squares; you have to work with a block of numbers at a time. Although it looks simple, unravelling the scramble will test your patterning skills. ( http://javaboutique.internet.com/KnotFunny/ )

Rubik??s Illusion
	Your goal: get five of your pieces in a row on this 8-by-4 grid before the computer does. The catch: there is a mirror that doubles the number of squares and doubles each move. There are six levels of difficulty. ( http://www.dotsphinx.com/games/rubik/illusion/ )

Nim
	This applet simulates the original Nim game. You and the computer take turns removing objects from the rows; whoever removes the last object wins. There are many versions of Nim available, so you can use your favourite search engine to find variations on this game. ( http://britton.disted.camosun.bc.ca/nim.htm )

The Fruit Game
	The Fruit Game is an interactive Nim-type game. The object is to beat the computer by removing the last piece of fruit from the table. ( http://www.2020tech.com/fruit/index.html )

Safebreaker
	The object of this game is to break the five-digit code in the fewest number of trials. After each trial, the computer gives you feedback on which digits are not in the code; which digits are in the code but in the wrong place; and which digits you have identified correctly. ( http://www.pimpernel.com/safe/ )

Hex-7
	Hex-7 is a strategy game that requires players to build a path across a playing surface made up of hexagons. ( http://www.mazeworks.com/hex7/index.htm )

Pentominoes
	Pentominoes a set of shapes, each made up of five squares. The challenge is to completely tile a section of the plane. Pentominoes can be rotated or flipped before being placed. ( http://www.math.clemson.edu/~rsimms/java/pentominoes/ )

Rubik??s Cube
	The applet allows you to manipulate a Rubik??s Cube in three dimensions. More challenging puzzles, such as a 5-by-5-by-5 cube are available. ( http://www.mud.ca/puzzler/JPuzzler/JPuzzler.html )

The Chaos Game
	The Chaos Game makes use of the Sierpinski Triangle and fractals to present a challenging puzzle. There are four levels of difficulty provided. ( http://math.bu.edu/DYSYS/applets/chaos-game.html )

Resizing Jigsaw
	The pieces in this jigsaw puzzle are not the correct size. Each piece must be scaled before it can be added to the puzzle. There is a time limit to determine the correct scale for each piece. ( http://pbskids.org/cyberchase/games/sizeandscale/sizeandscale.html )

Chapter 1

Student Web Links

Page 7 Information About Photogrammetrists
Dream Computers Pty Ltd
	• job description for photogrammetrist ( http://www.job-descriptions.org/photogrammetrist.html )



Education-online-search.com
	• duties, skills, training, job outlook for photogrammetrist ( http://www.education-online-search.com/articles/careers/vocational_careers/photogrammetri... )

Page 10 Video Showing How to Read an SI Caliper
Wikimedia Foundation Inc.
	• steps to reading an SI caliper ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Using_the_caliper_new_en.gif )



David M. Harrison, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Toronto
	• explanation of how to read a vernier caliper • Fixed scale is shifted 1 mm to the right of the left jaw, so accurate measurement of item is indicated at zero on the moving scale. ( http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Vernier/Vernier.html )

Page 19 Learn About the History of Music Distribution
Wikimedia Foundation Inc.
	• history of the music industry including methods of distributing music ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_industry )

Page 23 How to Read an Imperial Caliper
Wikimedia Foundation Inc.
	• how to use a Vernier caliper • the Tips link to a Java applet showing a caliper in action ( http://www.wikihow.com/Use-a-Vernier-Caliper )

Page 33 learn about past and present music storage devices
Wikimedia Foundation Inc.
	• information on 78 rpm records, as well as record albums, other record speeds, and so on. ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramophone_record#78.C2.A0rpm_disc_size )



Wikimedia Foundation Inc.
	• history of cassette tapes • information about cassette tapes and players/recorders ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_audio_cassette )



About.com, part of The New York Times Company
	• history of MP3 ( http://inventors.about.com/od/mstartinventions/a/MPThree.htm )

Page 37 Learn About Laser Technology Related to Music Storage
Wikipedia Foundation Inc.
	• information on how CDs are manufactured and how lasers are involved ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD_manufacturing )

Chapter 2

Student Web Links

Page 55 Learn About Industrial Design
Association of Canadian Industrial Designers
	• definition of industrial design • examples of industrial designers’ work ( http://www.designcanada.org/what-is-ID.html )

Page 57 Learn About How Vinyl Records are Made
eil.com
	• detailed outline of how to make a vinyl record ( http://eil.com/explore/guide/vinyl_making.asp )



Google videos
	• hear a recording done on a wax cylinder; see the machine ( http://video.google.ca/videoplay?docid=7674917925194039795&ei=ag6LS96tAZ-6qwLUsOW7Aw&q=wa... )



YouTube
	• see machine recording and hear recording on wax cylinder ( http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WVTMPbMrU_0 )



YouTube
	• brief history of wax cylinder recording ( http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_C6noBmD0cw )

Page 67 Learn about Blackfoot Crossing Historical Park
Blackfoot Crossing Historical Park
	• information about the Siksika Nation and Blackfoot Crossing Historical Park ( http://www.blackfootcrossing.ca/aboutus.html )

Page 81 Video showing the relationship between the volume of a right cone and the volume of a right cylinder
Glencoe.com
	• video animation • discusses the volumes of pyramids, cones, and spheres compared to that of a related prism ( http://www.glencoe.com/sites/texas/student/mathematics/assets/animation/prealgebra/PREALG... )

Page 90 Video that describes the cell phone development by Motorola
Motorola.com
	• history of the development of the cell phone since the 1930s • Click play ??? to watch the video. ( http://www.motorola.com/content.jsp?globalObjectId=7662-10813 )

Technology Links

The following files will assist you with completing #18 on page 79 in your textbook. Use the link to the software that you have on your computer.

Microsoft® Excel

SE page 79 Check Your Understanding #18 (18.0K)

TI'Nspire™

SE page 79 Check Your Understanding #18 (1.0K)

The following files will assist you with completing #19 on page 91 in your textbook. Use the link to the software that you have on your computer.

Microsoft® Excel

SE page 91 Check Your Understanding #19 (18.0K)

TI'Nspire™

SE page 91 Check Your Understanding #19 (1.0K)

* To extract the files from the zip folder, a software compression utility is required. A free evaluation version of Winzip is available here.

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Student Web Links

Page 151 Learn About Artists
QandAs.com
	• description of what an artist does, including several types of artists ( http://career.qandas.com/jobs/what-does-an-artist-do.html )



University of Regina
	• article about how artists use math ( http://mathcentral.uregina.ca/beyond/articles/Art/art1.html )

Page 154 Learn about perfect squares and square roots
Jim Reed
	• definitions and examples of perfect squares and square roots • If you enter a number, the calculator gives the positive and negative square roots. ( http://argyll.epsb.ca/jreed/math9/strand1/1103.htm )

Page 155 Learn about prime factorization and to use a prime factorization tool
MathsIsFun.com
	• definitions and examples of prime numbers and prime factorization • To use prime factorization tool, scroll to the bottom of the page and click the link. After you enter your number, make sure you click Go. ( www.mathsisfun.com/prime-factorization.html )

Page 185 Information about the golden ratio and the golden rectangle
MathsIsFun.com
	• explanation of the golden ratio, including steps to calculate it and where it might be found in architecture ( www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/golden-ratio.html )



Wolfram Research
	• explanation of the golden ratio, with a link to the golden rectangle ( http://mathworld.wolfram.com/GoldenRatio.html )



Wolfram Research
	• explanation of the golden rectangle ( http://mathworld.wolfram.com/GoldenRectangle.html )

Page 189 Information about pentagrams and how to draw one
MathsIsFun.com
	• definition of a pentagram, including ratios of the lengths and tips for drawing a pentagram ( www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/pentagram.html )

Page 194 Information about Canada’s satellites
Government of Canada – Space Agency
	• description of different types of satellites • provides links to specific details about each Canadian satellite at the bottom of the page ( www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/satellites/default.asp )

Page 195 Information about Fibonacci spirals
Ron Knott
	• scroll down for information on Fibonacci spirals and where examples are found in nature ( www.mcs.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/R.Knott/Fibonacci/fibnat.html )

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Student Web Links

Page 267 (Chapter Opener, Career Link) • information about forensic scientists
Simon Fraser University
	• describes the discipline of forensic science and some of the sub-specialties ( http://www.sfu.ca/~ganderso/forensic_science.htm )



Canadian Society of Forensic Science
	• information education programs and careers in forensic science ( http://www.csfs.ca/ )

Page 269 (6.1 Investigate) • interactive investigation of distance-time graphs
Math Warehouse
	• move a ship across the screen and explore the relationship between distance and time ( http://graphs.mathwarehouse.com/distance-time-graph-activity.php )

Page 276 (6.1 #9) • the wooden roller coaster, The Coaster, at the PNE
YouTube
	• video of construction of the wooden roller coaster, The Coaster, at the PNE ( http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0guSx7FcKmY )



YouTube
	• ride The Coaster, at the PNE ( http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ml8YOnXkdvw )

Page 298 (6.3 Example 2) • graph of a rider’s height above the ground when on a Ferris wheel
Ferris Wheel
	• applet showing how rotation of wheel relates to height-time graph ( http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/~dschultz/FerrisWheel/ferriswheel.html )



Ferris Wheel Applet
	( ../../school/secondary/math10_ise/297domainandrange.swf )

Page 329 (6.5 #19, Mini Lab) • avalanche safety
Canadian Avalanche Centre
	• information on trip planning, gear, and safety ( http://www.avalanche.ca/cac/ )

Chapter 7

Student Web Links

Page 339 (Chapter Opener, Career Link) • information about archaeologists
Parks Canada
	• this site offers information on archaeology • students can take virtual 3-D tours of some of Canada’s archaeological sites ( http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/progs/arch/index.aspx )

Page 375 (7.3 Example 3) • learn more about mountain climbing
British Columbia Mobility Opportunities Society
	• information on mountain climbing endeavours by Brad Zdanivsky and other people with physical disabilities ( http://www.bcmos.org/main/extreme_hikes.php )



Government of Alberta
	• information of mountain climbing and other tourism activities, including popular locations in Alberta ( http://www1.travelalberta.com/en-media/index.cfm?pageid=2107 )

Page 380 (7.3 #17) • components of population growth in parts of Canada
Government of Canada
	• statistics on population growth in each province or territory ( http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/demo33c-eng.htm )

Chapter 8

Student Web Links

Page 415 (Chapter Opener, Career Link) • information about biologists
T. L
	• job description for biological scientist, including salary and mathematics topics used by biologists ( http://xpmath.com/careers/jobsresult.php?groupID=2&jobID=29 )



B.C. Ministry of the Environment
	• description of a career as a wildlife biologist, including salary range and educational requirements ( www.env.gov.bc.ca/careers/jobs/biologists_wb.html )



John H. Roese
	• description of requirements for a career as a wildlife biologist ( www.biologyreference.com/Ve-Z/Wildlife-Biologist.html )

Page 442 (8.2 #9 Unit Project) • information about low-flow shower heads and other water-saving fixtures
BC Hydro
	• strategies to conserve water in the home ( http://www.bchydro.com/guides_tips/green-your-home/water_guide.html )



Statistics Canada
	• articles and statistics on water use and conservation ( http://www.statcan.gc.ca/stcsr/query.html?qt=water&col=alle&ht=0&qp=%2Btopic%3A113113165&... )

Page 446 (8.3 Intro) • information about Arctic Winter Games
CBC Sports Archives
	• includes television and radio clips about the Arctic Winter Games ( http://archives.cbc.ca/sports/more_sports/topics/1194/ )



The Canadian Encyclopedia
	• history of the Arctic Winter Games ( http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=a1ARTA0000299 )

Chapter 9

Student Web Links

Page 467 (CO, Career Link) • information about air traffic controllers
NavCanada
	• video showing the role of an ATC • NavCanada is responsible for all ATC licensing in Canada ( http://takecharge.navcanada.ca/en/content/coolstuff )

Page 469 (9.1, Investigate) • practise the algebraic method with a virtual scale
Algebra Balance Scales
	The activity Algebra Balance Scales has a Java applet that uses a balance scale with one variable equations. ( www.tutor.com/Resources/SubTopic.aspx?id=204 )

Page 477 (9.1, #17) • information about Wascana Waterfowl Par
Wascana Centre
	• includes information about the Wascana Waterfowl Park and other parks in Regina, SK. ( http://www.wascana.sk.ca/waterfowlpark.html )

Page 481 (9.2, Investigate) • practise the algebraic method with a virtual scale
NCTM
	• This applet uses a virtual pan balance to compare algebraic expressions. ( http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=10 )



Utah State University, National Library of Virtual Manipulatives
	• This applet uses a virtual balance scale to help students manipulate algebraic expressions. ( http://nlvm.usu.edu/en/nav/frames_asid_324_g_4_t_2.html )

Page 506 (Unit 4 Project closer) • information about reducing water use in the home
Environment Canada
	• suggestions for reducing water use in the home and in the community ( http://ec.gc.ca/eau-water/default.asp?lang=En&n=344B115B-1 )



Natural Resources Canada
	• suggestions for reducing water use in the home ( http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/residential/personal/new-homes/water-conservation.cfm?attr=4 )