Science Focus 8


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Web Simulations


Topic 1: Matter on the Move

http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=30
This demonstration showcases the four states of matter.
( http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=30 )
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_mixture.html
This web site covers many of the concepts covered in this unit. There are no innovative demos, but the information is presented in a clear and concise manner. Click on the left-hand menu bar to examine different topics centred around matter.
( http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_mixture.html )
Topic 2: Mixing Can Make It Flow

http://chemistry.beloit.edu/Water/moviepages/Comp3salt.htm
This movie clip shows salt being dissolved by water molecules.
( http://chemistry.beloit.edu/Water/moviepages/Comp3salt.htm )
http://www.schoolscience.co.uk/content/4/physics/bama/aerosch2pg3.html
A solid dissolves in a liquid when it mixes completely with the liquid.
( http://www.schoolscience.co.uk/content/4/physics/bama/aerosch2pg3.html )
Topic 3: Separating Earth's Mixtures

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesize/science/chemistry/elements_com_mix_8.shtml
This site showcases four ways of separating different types of mixtures: filtration, evaporation, distillation, and chromatography.
( http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesize/science/chemistry/elements_com_mix_8.shtml )
http://science.howstuffworks.com/oil-refining4.htm
Watch an animation of fractional distillation of crude oil and read the step-by-step description at this How Stuff Works web site
( http://science.howstuffworks.com/oil-refining4.htm )
Topic 4 Flow Rate and Viscosity

http://www.learner.org/exhibits/volcanoes/movies/movies3.html
A 39-second video clip explaining the viscosity of lava.
( http://www.learner.org/exhibits/volcanoes/movies/movies3.html )
Topic 5 Density

http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=17
Why is it that some things float and others don't? Explore the relationship between mass, volume, and density.
( http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=17 )
http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=30
This activity showcases the physical properties of density and volume.
( http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=30 )
Topic 6 Buoyancy

http://www.onr.navy.mil/focus/blowballast/sub/work2.htm
Archimedes' principle is explained through submarines.
( http://www.onr.navy.mil/focus/blowballast/sub/work2.htm )
http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=23
If a log is 2 m in radius and 10 m long, how much weight can I put on it before it sinks? Explore your ideas with this virtual log.
( http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=23 )
http://www.sciencejoywagon.com/physicszone/lesson/otherpub/wfendt/buoyforce.htm
A Java applet shows a simple experiment concerning buoyant forces
( http://www.sciencejoywagon.com/physicszone/lesson/otherpub/wfendt/buoyforce.htm )
Topic 8 Fluid Systems

http://www.howstuffworks.com/hydraulic.htm
This web site demonstrates how hydraulics are utilized in heavy-duty machinery.
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/hydraulic.htm )

Internet Connects


Topic 1: Matter on the Move

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Topic 2 Mixing Can Make It Flow

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Topic 3 Separating Earth's Mixtures

INTERNETCONNECT, page 31
Petrochemicals

Chemistry in Industry


http://www.greatachievements.org/greatachievements/ga_17_2.html
This essay provides a history of the production of petrochemicals, lists some of their uses, and discusses associated environmental concerns.
( http://www.greatachievements.org/greatachievements/ga_17_2.html )
Some Great Sites for Topics 1 to 3

Mixture Basics


http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_mixture.html
Do you know what a mixture really is? Chem4Kids does an excellent job of providing an explanation of mixture basics. Just about everything you combine is a mixture, from cakes, to concrete, to salt water.
( http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_mixture.html )
How We Make Salt

http://www.nedmag.nl/index.cfm?sid=58
Nedmag Industries, a European company, explains methods of extracting salt complete with a helpful illustration.
( http://www.nedmag.nl/index.cfm?sid=58 )
Fractional Distillation

http://library.thinkquest.org/11430/research/fraction.htm
Not sure what fractional distillation is and what it's used for? Read this simple, clear, illustrated explanation.
( http://library.thinkquest.org/11430/research/fraction.htm )
Topic 4 Flow Rate and Viscosity

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Topic 5 Density

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Topic 6 Buoyancy

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Some Great Sites for Topics 4 to 6

Outrageous Ooze


http://www.exploratorium.edu/science_explorer/ooze.html
If you liked "Magic Mud," you'll love Outrageous Ooze. Learn how to make it and what to do with it here.
( http://www.exploratorium.edu/science_explorer/ooze.html )
Go with the Flow

http://www.exploratorium.edu/science_explorer/goflow.html
Try an experiment that allows you to see how a liquid flows inside a moving bottle.
( http://www.exploratorium.edu/science_explorer/goflow.html )
Classifying Matter

http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/curr/science/sciber00/7th/classify/sciber/clmatter.htm

( http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/curr/science/sciber00/7th/classify/sciber/clmatter.htm )
http://mypage.direct.ca/k/kasmith/gina/page2.html
The first site uses humour and clear explanations complete with charts to explain about classifying matter. The second has a basic explanation with links to additional data on the topic.
( http://mypage.direct.ca/k/kasmith/gina/page2.html )
The Particle Adventure

http://ParticleAdventure.org/
This interactive site investigates the standard particle model. Read the evidence for accepting this model and the mysteries yet to be solved and learn why particles decay.
( http://ParticleAdventure.org/ )
Solids, Liquids, and Gases Compared

http://library.thinkquest.org/2923/basic.html#solid
Brief descriptions of these three forms of matter.
( http://library.thinkquest.org/2923/basic.html#solid )
Origin of the Earth: Solids, Liquids, and Gases

http://zebu.uoregon.edu/internet/l2.html
The dawn of the Earth saw some heavy interaction between solids, liquids, and gases, with denser and lighter materials moving and changing.
( http://zebu.uoregon.edu/internet/l2.html )
Hibernia Oil Project Facts

http://www.hibernia.ca/html/about_hibernia/index.html
A technical site about the Hibernia Project, with photos. Scroll to the bottom of the page, click on More About Hibernia, and scroll down to Hibernia Trivia for some less weighty facts.
( http://www.hibernia.ca/html/about_hibernia/index.html )
Zebra Mussels in the Great Lakes Region

http://www.great-lakes.net/envt/flora-fauna/invasive/zebra.html#new
This site is specific to the problem of zebra mussels in the Great Lakes. It offers an overview, pictures, and information on their impact on the economy, environment, and tourism.
( http://www.great-lakes.net/envt/flora-fauna/invasive/zebra.html#new )
Environmental Technologies Inc.

http://www.zebra-mussels.com/
This company offers one solution to the zebra mussel problem. Explore the maps to see the extent of the problem.
( http://www.zebra-mussels.com/ )
Topic 7 Fluid Pressure

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Topic 8 Fluid Strength: Hydraulics and Pneumatics

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Some Great Web Sites for Topics 7 and 8

Jon's Mini-Sub Page


http://www.huv.com/jon/MiniSub/links.html
Find out about commercial submarines, diving, or personal submarine sites. Just click on the links that have been made for you.
( http://www.huv.com/jon/MiniSub/links.html )
How Hydraulic Machines Work

http://www.howstuffworks.com/hydraulic.htm
Start with The Basic Idea and go on from there, in this very understandable set of explanations.
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/hydraulic.htm )
How Does an Air Bag Work?

http://www.howstuffworks.com/question130.htm
A brief explanation of how air bags work, with links to further information.
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/question130.htm )

Topic 2.3 Flash Movie


Cool Stuff To See And Do

This Flash movie will help you investigate and the role of cells within living systems.


After viewing the movie you should be able to:
  • Describe the role of cells as the basic unit of life.
  • Distinguish between plant and animal cells.
Flash Movie: Plant and Animal Cells(1692.0K)








Web Simulations


Topic 2: Microscopes and Cells

http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/
This site has one of the largest collections of photomicrographs (photos taken through an optical microscope) on the Web. You can also view movies taken through an optical microscope and examine different sample images through a virtual microscope.
( http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/ )
http://www.olympusmicro.com/
This web site contains a detailed description of microscopes, complete with movie clips, applets, and graphics.
( http://www.olympusmicro.com/ )
Topic 3: The Cell and Its Structures

http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/
An interactive introduction to the microscopic world of the cell.
( http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/ )
http://www.cellsalive.com/
This web site has good information on Cell Biology, Microbiology, Immunology, and Microscopy. Click on the Cell Models and Cell Gallery to view some great graphics and labelled diagrams.
( http://www.cellsalive.com/ )
http://personal.tmlp.com/Jimr57/tour/cell/cell.htm
The Virtual Cell - an interactive tour of the cell.
( http://personal.tmlp.com/Jimr57/tour/cell/cell.htm )
Topic 4: The Functions of Cells

http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/asguru/biology/01cellbiology/05pathways/06passivesimple/in...
This Diffusion animation is part of a series of explanations of terms in biology and other school subjects.
( http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/asguru/biology/01cellbiology/05pathways/06passivesimple/in... )
Topic 5 : Cell Specialization and Organization

http://www.lima.ohio-state.edu/academics/biology/archive/celltype.html
This site allows you to examine microscope slides of specialized plant cells. Scroll to Links, click on either Biodiversity or Plant Biology, and then click on names of different plant kingdoms.
( http://www.lima.ohio-state.edu/academics/biology/archive/celltype.html )
http://www.kumc.edu/instruction/medicine/anatomy/histoweb/
This site has a large selection of microscope slides of both plant and animal cells.
( http://www.kumc.edu/instruction/medicine/anatomy/histoweb/ )
http://camillasenior1.homestead.com/cells.html
This site focuses on Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Systems. The info is student-friendly and includes videos and web links related to various cell concepts.
( http://camillasenior1.homestead.com/cells.html )
Topic 6: Organ Systems in Plants

http://www.ehc.com/VBody.asp
Great resources on the human brain, heart, skeleton, and digestive tract.
( http://www.ehc.com/VBody.asp )
http://americanhistory.si.edu/anatomy/
Learn how papier-mâché revolutionized the study of human anatomy. You can also learn anatomy by playing "Place the Part" in the Body Parts section.
( http://americanhistory.si.edu/anatomy/ )
http://vilenski.org/science/humanbody/
This animated site allows you to examine the human body in an exciting and innovative format.
( http://vilenski.org/science/humanbody/ )
Topic 7: Organ Systems in Humans

http://www.biointeractive.org/
This interactive site allows you to work in a virtual lab, view animations, visit a virtual museum, and listen to archived lectures from prominent scientists.
( http://www.biointeractive.org/ )

Internet Connects


Topic 1 Living Organisms

INTERNETCONNECT, page 101

Studying Alberta's Wildlife


http://www.cd.gov.ab.ca/preserving/parks/anhic/flashindex.asp
The Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre tracks the scientific names, locations, and population sizes of Alberta's plant and animal species. Anyone can contribute to various tracking projects currently being undertaken in the province. Select one of the headings in the left panel to get an idea of the immense diversity of Alberta's plant and animal wildlife.
( http://www.cd.gov.ab.ca/preserving/parks/anhic/flashindex.asp )
Biological Status of Wildlife

http://www.srd.gov.ab.ca/fw/status/reports/index.html
The Alberta Wildlife Status Report Series provides detailed summaries of the biological status of selected wildlife species in Alberta. The reports focus on species that are potentially at risk. Learn about the habitat, population size, limiting factors, and distribution of selected species of Alberta's plants, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish.
( http://www.srd.gov.ab.ca/fw/status/reports/index.html )
Botanic Garden

http://www.devonian.ualberta.ca/
The University of Alberta's Devonian Botanic Garden is a regional centre for environmental collections of mosses, lichens, and fungi. The collections serve as repositories for native Alberta species and specimens of botanical significance collected worldwide. Researchers use the collections to study ecology, botany, and biology.
( http://www.devonian.ualberta.ca/ )
Topic 2 Microscopes and Cells

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Topic 3 The Cell and Its Structures

INTERNETCONNECT, page 124

Cells Alive


http://www.cellsalive.com/
At this award-winning web site, you can see images of bacteria in full colour. Find out more about the mites under the bed that make you sneeze, and see colour diagrams showing how viruses infect cells and how diseases are combatted. There are plenty of other fascinating, illustrated accounts of bacteria, viruses, parasites, and antibodies.
( http://www.cellsalive.com/ )
Virtual Cell

http://www.life.uiuc.edu/plantbio/cell/
Zoom! Cut! Turn! You can do all of this and more inside this life-like model of a plant cell.
( http://www.life.uiuc.edu/plantbio/cell/ )
Other Great Web Sites for Topics 1 to 3

The Virtual Electron Microscope


http://www.uq.oz.au/nanoworld/virtual.html
The high cost of an electron microscope means that most schools cannot afford one. This site allows you to register for live broadcasts, take a virtual tour, and look at some amazing images. See if you can guess what the Mystery Images are!
( http://www.uq.oz.au/nanoworld/virtual.html )
Anton van Leeuwenhoek

http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/leeuwenhoek.html
This biography from the UniversIty of California, Berkeley, provides insight into the man who made some of the most significant discoveries in the history of biology.
( http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/leeuwenhoek.html )
Topic 4 Fluid Movements in Cells

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Topic 5 Cell Specialization and Organization

INTERNETCONNECT, page 143

Healthy Living: Air and Sun


http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/securit/sports/summer-ete/air_e.html
This Health Canada site offers practical advice to help you protect yourself from air pollution and from the harmful rays of the Sun.
( http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/securit/sports/summer-ete/air_e.html )
The Heart: An Online Exploration

http://sln.fi.edu/biosci/heart.html
Explore the mysteries of the heart at this site. Do you want to know about the structure of your heart? Would you like to follow blood through vessels or learn about how to take care of your heart? Start your adventure here.
( http://sln.fi.edu/biosci/heart.html )
Topic 6 Body Systems in Humans

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Topic 7 Body Systems and Your Health

INTERNETCONNECT, page 158

Canada's Food Guide


http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hpfb-dgpsa/onpp-bppn/food_guide_rainbow_e.html
This Health Canada site can tell you everything you need to know about Canada's Food Guide. Follow the links in the side panel to find out what the food guide is based on, what it tells you, and how to use it.
( http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hpfb-dgpsa/onpp-bppn/food_guide_rainbow_e.html )
Other Great Web Sites for Topics 6 and 7

The Heart: An Online Exploration


http://sln.fi.edu/biosci/heart.html
In an average lifetime, the heart beats more than two and a half billion times, without ever pausing to rest. Like a pumping machine, the heart provides the power needed for life. Learn about the structure of your heart, how it develops as your body matures, and how you can keep your heart healthy.
( http://sln.fi.edu/biosci/heart.html )

Topic 3.4 Flash Movie


Cool Stuff To See And Do

Topic 4: Lenses and Vision

This applet is designed to help you understand the ray model of light and how convex lenses cause light rays to bend.


Flash Movie: Lenses And Vision(679.0K)








Web Simulations


Topic 1: What Is Light?

http://homepage.tinet.ie/~juniorcert/
This web site covers topics such as reflection, refraction, lenses, and colour in a fun, interactive format.
( http://homepage.tinet.ie/~juniorcert/ )
Topic 2: Reflection

http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/opt/home.rxml
Click on Mechanisms to learn more about reflection, scattering, refraction, and diffraction of light.
( http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/opt/home.rxml )
http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/phys/Class/refln/u13l1a.html
This site has animations and explanations covering reflection and its importance, as well as the formation of plane mirrors, concave mirrors, and convex mirrors.
( http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/phys/Class/refln/u13l1a.html )
Topic 3: Refraction

http://www.ps.missouri.edu/rickspage/refract/refraction.html
Diagrams and a cool java applet help to explain the laws of refraction.
( http://www.ps.missouri.edu/rickspage/refract/refraction.html )
http://www.physics.uoguelph.ca/applets/Intro_physics/refraction/LightRefract.html
This java applet allows students to view the refraction of light in different mediums.
( http://www.physics.uoguelph.ca/applets/Intro_physics/refraction/LightRefract.html )
Topic 4: Concave and Convex Mirrors

http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=13
This virtual prism allows you to examine Snell's Law.
( http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=13 )
http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=38
This applet allows you to modify and examine converging lenses.
( http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=38 )
Topic 5: Lenses and Vision

http://www.howstuffworks.com/telescope.htm
Enter this site to learn more about the parts of a telescope and how they all work together to make distant objects look closer.
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/telescope.htm )
http://www.howstuffworks.com/light-microscope.htm
View this site to learn more about the parts of a light microscope and how it helps us to magnify small objects.
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/light-microscope.htm )
Topic 6: Extending Human Vision

http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=11
This applet allows you to examine colours through red, green, and blue lights.
( http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=11 )
http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=49
This applet allows you to examine the subtractive colours of magenta, yellow, and cyan.
( http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=49 )
Topic 7: The Source of Colours

http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/teachers/lessons/roygbiv/roygbiv.html
This web site examines the relationship between frequency and wavelength.
( http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/teachers/lessons/roygbiv/roygbiv.html )
http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/index.pl
This interactive site contains information and applets on a wide range of Web Simulationss covered within the unit. Explore how Einstein's revolution in physics has led to X-rays, microwave ovens, lasers, and many other modern devices.
( http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/index.pl )
Topic 8: The Wave Model of Light

http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/science/know_l1/emspectrum.html
This site describes the waves and components of the electromagnetic spectrum.
( http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/science/know_l1/emspectrum.html )
http://lectureonline.cl.msu.edu/~mmp/applist/Spectrum/s.htm
This java applet allows you to change the wavelength/frequency of the spectrum in order to see which kind of wave would be produced.
( http://lectureonline.cl.msu.edu/~mmp/applist/Spectrum/s.htm )

Internet Connects


Topic 1 What Is Light?

NO INTERNETCONNECTS FOR TOPIC 1

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Topic 2 Reflection

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Topic 3 Refraction

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Some Great Web Sites for Topics 1 to 3

Light Walk


http://www.exploratorium.edu/sln/light_walk/light_walk.html
This site shows you the beauty of light through a series of black-and-white photographs that capture interesting light patterns in natural settings. The photographer explains how the images came to be - a wonderful blend of science and art!
( http://www.exploratorium.edu/sln/light_walk/light_walk.html )
Optics for Kids

http://www.opticalres.com/kidoptx.html
This site is available in three languages - English, Chinese, and Japanese. Explore at your own pace the basic concepts about light, and progress to careers related to optics.
( http://www.opticalres.com/kidoptx.html )
Topic 4 Lenses and Vision

Exposure: A Beginner's Guide to Photography


http://www.photonhead.com/exposure/
An understanding of light is essential in photography. Learn tricks of the trade to improve your own picture taking. A "Sim-Cam" allows you to take some practice shots.
( http://www.photonhead.com/exposure/ )
Grande Prairie Regional College

http://www.gprc.ab.ca/prospective/programs/program_details.html?PID=35
Investigate education for a career in the visual arts at this web site.
( http://www.gprc.ab.ca/prospective/programs/program_details.html?PID=35 )
Red Deer College Optometry

http://www.rdc.ab.ca/programs_and_courses/university_transfer_programs/pre-professional_p...
This pre-professional optometry program leads to a full program at the School of Optometry at the University of Waterloo.
( http://www.rdc.ab.ca/programs_and_courses/university_transfer_programs/pre-professional_p... )
Ophthalmology

http://www.mc.vanderbilt.edu/vumcdept/ophthal/training.html
This Vanderbilt University (Tennessee) web page describes career training in one light-based technology
( http://www.mc.vanderbilt.edu/vumcdept/ophthal/training.html )
Fox Valley Ophthalmology

http://www.foxvalleyeyes.com/procedures.htm
Want to know what an ophthalmic technician does? Read here about one set of services they provide.
( http://www.foxvalleyeyes.com/procedures.htm )
Working with Nanoparticles

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/1998-09/RU-NMBK-080998.php
"A whole new approach to optical materials" is taken by these researchers, working on microscopic particles and specific wavelengths of light. They call these tiny particles "the malted milk balls" of the nano-scale world.
( http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/1998-09/RU-NMBK-080998.php )
Topic 5 Extending Human Vision

INTERNETCONNECT, page 221

Eye on the Universe: The Hubble Space Telescope


http://www.thetech.org/exhibits/online/hubble/
Find out what it would be like to have an eye in space. At this site, you can view images, learn why the Hubble Telescope is so important for space exploration, or have a guided tour of a mission to service the telescope.
( http://www.thetech.org/exhibits/online/hubble/ )
Hubble Space Telescope Pictures

http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/
See lots of images, thumbnail or enlarged, taken by the Hubble Telescope. You can choose pictures by subject or by year.
( http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/ )
Other Great Web Sites for Topics 4 and 5

NASA


http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/home/index.html
The NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center offers this site for space science education. Start your search for space-related information here.
( http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/home/index.html )
Illusions from Exploratorium

http://www.exploratorium.edu/exhibits/f_exhibits.html
Great illusions and enlightening explanations! Some of these illusions require ShockWave or QuickTime.
( http://www.exploratorium.edu/exhibits/f_exhibits.html )
Escher Illusions

http://www.etropolis.com/escher/
Optical illusions from the work of artist M.C. Escher, with comments.
( http://www.etropolis.com/escher/ )
Topic 6 The Source of Colours

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Topic 7 The Wave Model of Light

INTERNETCONNECT, page 243

Spectra and What Scientists Can Learn From Them


http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/science/how_l1/spectra.html
This article from Imagine the Universe provides an introduction to spectra and details about Iaasac Newton's discovery of how light forms colours.
( http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/science/how_l1/spectra.html )
Topic 8: The Wave Model of Light

INTERNETCONNECT, page 253

Nocturnal Animals


http://www.enchantedlearning.com/coloring/nocturnal.shtml
Simple descriptions of nocturnal animals and their ability to function in the dark.
( http://www.enchantedlearning.com/coloring/nocturnal.shtml )
Nova: Night Creatures of the Kalahari.

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/kalahari/
Choose Night Vision and click on any eye to learn about the nocturnal animal that uses it.
( http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/kalahari/ )
Dog Vision

http://workingdogs.com/vision_coile.htm
Why your dog can see better in the dark than you can.
( http://workingdogs.com/vision_coile.htm )
How Can Cats See in the Dark?

http://whitedovemsg.com/messages/nov99/cats.htm
They can't, says this article. But read on for a more complete explanation.
( http://whitedovemsg.com/messages/nov99/cats.htm )
INTERNETCONNECT, page 255
IR / UV / X-Rays in Crime Solving

FBI Kids and Youth Educational Page


https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/fun-games/kids
Have you ever dreamed about working for the RCMP or FBI? Do you like reading detective fiction? This page has special articles about crime detection, prevention, and DNA testing. See if you can solve a mystery.
( https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/fun-games/kids )
The Science of Crime

http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~mlyount/MySites/ForensicSpectroscopy/ForensicApps.html
Infrared spectroscopy is useful for identifying substances and confirming their identity. Read about forensic applications of this technology here.
( http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~mlyount/MySites/ForensicSpectroscopy/ForensicApps.html )
Topic 9: Beyond Light

NO INTERNETCONNECTS FOR TOPIC 9

( NO INTERNETCONNECTS FOR TOPIC 9 )
Other Great Web Sites for Topics 6 to 9

About Rainbows


http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/staff/blynds/rnbw.html
As well as being beautiful, rainbows have scientific explanations. If you want the simple answer, it's here. If you're looking the "big picture," more detailed explanations are here too.
( http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/staff/blynds/rnbw.html )
Auroras: Paintings in the Sky

http://www.exploratorium.edu/learning_studio/auroras/
Have you ever been outside during an aurora borealis or seen one in a movie? This site offers views from space as well as Earth. Take the self-guided tour and be amazed.
( http://www.exploratorium.edu/learning_studio/auroras/ )
Ye Olde Homemade Colour Wheel

http://www.suzannecooper.com/classroom/colorwheel.html
Understanding colour and the effects of colour is the focus of this site. Find out how to make your own colour wheel and how to start designing using colour.
( http://www.suzannecooper.com/classroom/colorwheel.html )
How Nuclear Radiation Works

http://www.howstuffworks.com/nuclear.htm
This detailed site explains "nuclear," nuclear medicine, radioactive decay, and Carbon-14 dating.
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/nuclear.htm )
Lasers: From Science Fiction to Everyday Life

http://www.thetech.org/hyper/lasers/
An easy-to-follow explanation of lasers, with great graphics. Explore laser basics, everyday lasers, or online exhibits.
( http://www.thetech.org/hyper/lasers/ )

Web Simulations


Topic 1: Levers and Inclined Planes

http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=27
This activity lets you alter the initial velocity, mass, and angle of a frictionless inclined plane.
( http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=27 )
http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=41
Put several masses on a see-saw in an effort to balance the system.
( http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=41 )
http://www.fearofphysics.com/Seesaw/seesaw.html
Help two students of different weight balance on a see-saw in this activity.
( http://www.fearofphysics.com/Seesaw/seesaw.html )
http://www.design-technology.info/page22.htm
Scroll down this Design and Technology web page for animations of levers and gears
( http://www.design-technology.info/page22.htm )
Topic 2: Wheel and Axle, Gears, and Pulleys

http://www.howstuffworks.com/gear.htm
This web site showcases how gears work with pictures, descriptions, and simple demonstrations.
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/gear.htm )
http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph11e/pulleysystem.htm
Raise or lower the load, examine the tension on the string, and change the weight of the load on this java site about pulleys.
( http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph11e/pulleysystem.htm )
http://library.thinkquest.org/27948/pulley.html
This java applet created by students allows you to examine the efficiency of different pulley systems.
( http://library.thinkquest.org/27948/pulley.html )
http://www.exploratorium.edu/cycling/
This site examine the physics of cycling. Click on the Drives and Gears link to learn more about the science behind bicycles.
( http://www.exploratorium.edu/cycling/ )
Topic 3: Energy, Friction, and Efficiency

http://www.fearofphysics.com/Pendulums/pendhl.html

( http://www.fearofphysics.com/Pendulums/pendhl.html )
http://www.fearofphysics.com/Pendulums/pendda.html
These two demos allow you to examine the potential and kinetic energy of pendulums through two simple video clips.
( http://www.fearofphysics.com/Pendulums/pendda.html )
Topic 5: Hydraulics and Pneumatics

http://www.howstuffworks.com/hydraulic.htm
This web site demonstrates how hydraulics are utilized in heavy-duty machinery. You can also try your hand at running pieces of heavy equipment, like a backhoe.
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/hydraulic.htm )
Topic 6: Combining Systems

http://www.learner.org/exhibits/parkphysics/
This site shows the physics behind amusement parks and allows you to design your own roller coaster.
( http://www.learner.org/exhibits/parkphysics/ )
http://www.exploratorium.edu/hockey/
This site from the Exploratorium examines the science of hockey.
( http://www.exploratorium.edu/hockey/ )
Topic 7: Machines Throughout History

http://www.mos.org/sln/Leonardo/
A great web site that focuses on Leonardo da Vinci and examines his contributions to society.
( http://www.mos.org/sln/Leonardo/ )

Internet Connects


Topic 1: Levers and Inclined Planes

INTERNETCONNECT, p. 275

Canada in Space - Canadarm


http://www.canadianaconnection.com/cca/canadarm.htm
Canadarm was born in Ontario and came of age when NASA's astronauts first used the robotic manipulator on November 13, 1981. Read the full story here.
( http://www.canadianaconnection.com/cca/canadarm.htm )
Canadian Space Agency

http://www.space.gc.ca/asc/eng/default.asp
Why do we go into space? How can you become an astronaut? The Canadian Space Agency provides answers to these questions and much more. Choose KidSpace or Careers, Exploration or the latest news.
( http://www.space.gc.ca/asc/eng/default.asp )
NASA - International Space Station

http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/index.html
Read the latest news about this exciting mission, get real-time space station data, or search the site for information on the Canadarm. If you have time, take a robot-guided tour of the International Space Station.
( http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/index.html )
Topic 2: Wheel and Axle, Gears, and Pulleys

NO INTERNETCONNECTS FOR TOPIC 2

( NO INTERNETCONNECTS FOR TOPIC 2 )
Topic 3: Energy, Friction, and Efficiency

NO INTERNETCONNECTS FOR TOPIC 3

( NO INTERNETCONNECTS FOR TOPIC 3 )
Other Great Sites for Topics 1 to 3

Office Ergonomics


http://www.office-ergo.com/
This site's information is based on research done to help office workers maintain a safe work environment. It is organized by specific categories such as hand and arm basics or low back pain ergonomics. Use the information to help you be more comfortable when you study.
( http://www.office-ergo.com/ )
British Ergonomics Society

http://www.ergonomics.org.uk/
More on ergonomics, with links to possible jobs in this field.
( http://www.ergonomics.org.uk/ )
How Gears Work

http://www.howstuffworks.com/gears.htm
This site delivers exactly what it promises - an excellent explanation of how different kinds of gears work.
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/gears.htm )
How a Block and Tackle Works (Pulley)

http://www.howstuffworks.com/pulley.htm
Take a step-by-step tour of the workings of a pulley (block and tackle). The illustrations are great!
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/pulley.htm )
Topic 4: Force, Pressure, and Area

NO INTERNETCONNECTS FOR TOPIC 4

( NO INTERNETCONNECTS FOR TOPIC 4 )
Topic 5: Hydraulics and Pneumatics

INTERNETCONNECT, page 317

Pneumatic Tools


http://www.bartleby.com/65/pn/pneumati.html
A Columbia Encyclopedia article explaining what pneumatic tools are and how they work using air pressure. Three types of devices make up the basis of these tools.
( http://www.bartleby.com/65/pn/pneumati.html )
How pneumatic tools work

http://home.howstuffworks.com/nail-gun1.htm
How a pneumatic nail gun works
( http://home.howstuffworks.com/nail-gun1.htm )
INTERNETCONNECT, page 319

Hovercraft Museum Trust


http://www.hovercraft-museum.org/
The Hovercraft Museum in southern England has a large collection of hovercraft. Scroll down to the middle of this page and follow the links for information on different hovercraft models.
( http://www.hovercraft-museum.org/ )
INTERNETCONNECT, page 320

How Hydraulic Machines Work


http://www.howstuffworks.com/hydraulic.htm
For an overview of how hydraulic power works, this site is a great place to go. Then follow the links in the table of contents to learn how hydraulic technology is used in the construction industry.
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/hydraulic.htm )
Presses

http://www.forging.org/Design/pg5_1_2.html
This description of presses includes both hydraulic and mechanical presses, for an interesting comparison.
( http://www.forging.org/Design/pg5_1_2.html )
Hydraulic Equipment

http://www.tokimec.co.jp/hyd/index.html
Many hydraulic and pneumatic machines are made in Japan. Here is one manufacturer's list of hydraulic equipment, with short descriptions.
( http://www.tokimec.co.jp/hyd/index.html )
Topic 6: Combining Systems

INTERNETCONNECT, page 327

MotionNet Machines


http://www.motionnet.com/
This site has pneumatic devices combined with almost any other machine that exists.
( http://www.motionnet.com/ )
Hydraulic Brakes

http://www.howstuffworks.com/framed.htm?parent=disc-brake.htm&url=http://www.tpub.com/flu...
A clear, illustrated description of automobile hydraulic brakes, a multiple piston system.
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/framed.htm?parent=disc-brake.htm&url=http://www.tpub.com/flu... )
How Automatic Transmissions Work

http://www.howstuffworks.com/automatic-transmission.htm
This article explains how an automatic transmission works, and how it differs from a manual transmission.
( http://www.howstuffworks.com/automatic-transmission.htm )
Construction Vehicles

http://www.montshire.net/minute/mm010507.html
Read through these brief descriptions to identify machines with several subsystems.
( http://www.montshire.net/minute/mm010507.html )
Taiwan Hydraulic and Pneumatic Equipment

http://manufacture.com.tw/hydraulic/
Scan this list for pneumatic, hydraulic, and combination parts and equipment.
( http://manufacture.com.tw/hydraulic/ )
Other Great Sites for Topics 4 to 6

Pascal's Law


http://www.lerc.nasa.gov/www/K-12/WindTunnel/Activities/Pascals_principle.html
Review this explanation of Pascal's Law, and then test your knowledge by trying the exercise questions.
( http://www.lerc.nasa.gov/www/K-12/WindTunnel/Activities/Pascals_principle.html )
Rube Goldberg Machines

http://www.rube-goldberg.com/
Cartoonist Rube Goldberg is famous for his ingenious drawings of wacky machines. They depict elaborate, ridiculous devices to accomplish the most mundane tasks. Learn about Rube Goldberg, and don't miss the Gallery of his "inventions."
( http://www.rube-goldberg.com/ )
Topic 7: Machines Throughout History

INTERNETCONNECT, page 339

Alberta's Air Quality


http://www3.gov.ab.ca/env/air/AmbientAirMonitoring/maml.html
Environment Alberta's Mobile Air Monitoring Laboratory (MAML) is a special vehicle that has been designed to measure air quality. You can view the inside of the vehckle or read the answers to frequently asked questions.
( http://www3.gov.ab.ca/env/air/AmbientAirMonitoring/maml.html )
Smog in Alberta

http://www.theweathernetwork.com/features/airq/info/aq_smog.htm
The Weather Network provides a good summary of smog in Canada, and an explanation of the nature and effects of smog.
( http://www.theweathernetwork.com/features/airq/info/aq_smog.htm )
Canada's Air Quality

http://www.gov.mb.ca/conservation/airquality/brochures/smog.html
This Manitoba government site looks at problems with air quality in Canada, specifically tracking and explaining smog. In addition to citing data from Manitoba, it looks briefly at all Canadian provinces, summarizing a unique program in Calgary.
( http://www.gov.mb.ca/conservation/airquality/brochures/smog.html )
National Air Pollution Surveillance Network

http://www.etc-cte.ec.gc.ca/naps/index_e.html
The NAPS Network collects air quality data to demonstrate the links between air pollution and human health and to identify emerging air pollution issues.
( http://www.etc-cte.ec.gc.ca/naps/index_e.html )
Topic 8: People and Machines

INTERNETCONNECT, page 345

Ballard Power Systems


http://www.ballard.com/be_a_customer/carbon_fiber_products/frequently_asked_questions
Find out how the fuel cell developed by this Canadian company is contributing to the fight against air pollution. Under About Fuel Cells, click on the question, "What are the advantages of using fuel cells over other sources of power?"
( http://www.ballard.com/be_a_customer/carbon_fiber_products/frequently_asked_questions )
Other Great Sites for Topics 7 and 8

The Industrial Revolution


http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/i/industr1.asp
A quick summary of the Industrial Revolution and why it was so important. Click on the links below the summary for more background and significance.
( http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/i/industr1.asp )
Inventions and the Industrial Revolution

http://inventors.about.com/science/inventors/cs/indrevolution/
If you are interested in learning more about the Industrial Revolution, this is a great place to start your web research. Follow the links to learn more about the people, events, and technological advances that made this one of the most exciting times in history.
( http://inventors.about.com/science/inventors/cs/indrevolution/ )

Web Simulations


Topic 1: A World of Water

http://observe.arc.nasa.gov/nasa/earth/hydrocycle/hydro1.html
This web site from NASA examines the water cycle and the processes of condensation, precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and evapotranspiration.
( http://observe.arc.nasa.gov/nasa/earth/hydrocycle/hydro1.html )
http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/droplet.html
Help Droplet, the water molecule, as he enters the great water cycle - condensation, precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and evapotranspiration - and starts his journey home.
( http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/droplet.html )
http://www.water4tomorrow.com/
Click on the activities link to learn many interesting facts about water.
( http://www.water4tomorrow.com/ )
Topic 2: Earth's Frozen Water

http://nsidc.org/cryosphere/index.html
This site includes information on snow, glaciers, ice shelves and icebergs, arctic climatology, and more.
( http://nsidc.org/cryosphere/index.html )
http://glacier-bay.gsfc.nasa.gov/glacierbay.story.html
See NASA animations of the changes in the glaciers at Glacier Bay, Alaska.
( http://glacier-bay.gsfc.nasa.gov/glacierbay.story.html )
Topic 3: Fresh Water Systems

http://www.bellmuseum.org/distancelearning/watershed/watershed2.html
Play the Watershed game. Examine the issues in each area of the watershed, then see the impacts of your choices.
( http://www.bellmuseum.org/distancelearning/watershed/watershed2.html )
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/flood/
This web site from NOVA focuses on issues related to floods.
( http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/flood/ )
Topic 4: The Oceans

http://www.mos.org/oceans/
Oceans Alive is a comprehensive site that examines topics such as the water planet, oceans in motion, life in the sea, and scientific research.
( http://www.mos.org/oceans/ )
http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/hot/el_nino/
This site collects web sites and information on El Niño and La Niña.
( http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/hot/el_nino/ )
http://www.sfgate.com/getoutside/1996/jun/tides.html
This simple animation shows the gravitational action of the Sun and Moon on the Earth's oceans.
( http://www.sfgate.com/getoutside/1996/jun/tides.html )
Topic 5: Living in Water

http://www.aquatic.uoguelph.ca/
This comprehensive site examines plants, animals, habitats, human interactions, and research in Canada. Click on Habitats to learn about the features of aquatic life in lakes, oceans, rivers, and wetlands.
( http://www.aquatic.uoguelph.ca/ )
Topic 6: Water Quality and Water Management

http://www.nwri.ca/threats/intro-e.html
Environment Canada's in-depth document: Threats to Sources of Drinking Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Health in Canada.
( http://www.nwri.ca/threats/intro-e.html )
http://www.k12science.org/curriculum/waterproj/index.shtml
A collaborative project comparing the water quality of your local river, stream, lake, or pond with other fresh-water sources around the world.
( http://www.k12science.org/curriculum/waterproj/index.shtml )

Internet Connects


Topic 1: A World of Water

NO INTERNETCONNECTS FOR TOPIC 1

( NO INTERNETCONNECTS FOR TOPIC 1 )
Topic 2: Earth's Frozen Water

INTERNETCONNECT, page 376

The Inquisitive Traveller


http://www.inquisitivetraveler.com/pages/artlib/naglacer.html
This online magazine article has a surprising amount of material about glaciers, including the different types of glaciers, in highly readable language.
( http://www.inquisitivetraveler.com/pages/artlib/naglacer.html )
All About Glaciers

http://nsidc.org/glaciers/information.html
Mountains of information about glaciers. To read about the different kinds of glaciers, click on Q & A, then scroll down to the question "What types of glaciers are there?"
( http://nsidc.org/glaciers/information.html )
Icefields and Glaciers

http://www.msc.ec.gc.ca/crysys/education/glaciers/glaciers_edu_e.cfm
This Environment Canada site gives good data about glaciers in Canada and includes interesting links.
( http://www.msc.ec.gc.ca/crysys/education/glaciers/glaciers_edu_e.cfm )
Other Great Web Sites for Topics 1 and 2

Water Quality


http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/6243/water.html
Wendy Walsh, a conservation biologist, offers her views about the water quality situation on Earth. Links to the Environmental Protection Branch and other sites outline some of the legal issues involved. You can e-mail her if you agree or disagree. A very user-friendly site.
( http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/6243/water.html )
Environment Canada: Properties of Water

http://www.ec.gc.ca/water/en/nature/prop/e_prop.htm
This bilingual site provides information about the Properties of Water, the Hydrologic Cycle, Quick Facts, Rivers, Lakes, and the World's Water Supply. Well organized and very useful.
( http://www.ec.gc.ca/water/en/nature/prop/e_prop.htm )
Water and Art

http://www.ec.gc.ca/water/en/culture/art/e_art.htm
Water is a force of nature that has awed and inspired artists. Read about water and Canadian art, and see water-inspired paintings by the Group of Seven and
( http://www.ec.gc.ca/water/en/culture/art/e_art.htm )
Topic 3: Fresh Water Systems

INTERNETCONNECT, page 401

A Province of Rivers


http://www3.gov.ab.ca/env/water/basins/BasinForm.cfm
Alberta is divided into seven major river basins. Each river's geography, tributary rivers, and discharge rates are given in this Alberta water sub-site.
( http://www3.gov.ab.ca/env/water/basins/BasinForm.cfm )
Topic 4: The Oceans

INTERNETCONNECT, page 410

Ask a Marine Scientist


http://oceanlink.island.net/ask/askmain/ask.html
Ask your questions here, or read some of the answers to 600 questions. You can also read interviews with marine scientists, or find out about careers in marine biology.
( http://oceanlink.island.net/ask/askmain/ask.html )
WhaleNet

http://whale.wheelock.edu/whalenet-stuff/ASK_SCI.html
Ask a marine scientist about marine mammals, or check out previous answers.
( http://whale.wheelock.edu/whalenet-stuff/ASK_SCI.html )
INTERNETCONNECT, page 413

Remote Sensing Tutorials


http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/resource/tutor/fundam/pdf/fundamentals_e.pdf
Need more help understanding Remote Sensing? Go through this extremely detailed tutorial, and come out the other end a more informed person. You can skip directly to the topics you want using the Table of Contents in the side panel.
( http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/resource/tutor/fundam/pdf/fundamentals_e.pdf )
Exploring Satellite Oceanography

http://dcz.gso.uri.edu/amy/avhrr.html
See some satellite images of parts of the ocean, and learn about their uses. This page is designed for high school students
( http://dcz.gso.uri.edu/amy/avhrr.html )
Other Great Web Sites for Topics 3 and 4

Erosion by Nature


http://www.eman-rese.ca/eman/reports/publications/tomlin/tomlin4.htm
This detailed slide presentation on Productivity in Agricultural Soils has a great deal to say about erosion by wind and water, as well as other challenges to agricultural activity in Canada.
( http://www.eman-rese.ca/eman/reports/publications/tomlin/tomlin4.htm )
River Systems of the World

http://www.rev.net/~aloe/river/
Not all of the links given in this table work, but it is still a good overview of the rivers of the world and their statistics.
( http://www.rev.net/~aloe/river/ )
Rocks and Water Songs

http://www.interlog.com/~wrenfolk/
Chris Rawlings' rocks and water songs include "Wetland Wonderland" and "Groundwater Song." Listen to audio clips if you have an MP3 player.
( http://www.interlog.com/~wrenfolk/ )
Topic 5 Living in Water

INTERNETCONNECT, page 435

Your Link to the Ocean


http://oceanlink.island.net
At this OceanLink page, click on Vancouver Aquarium Aquafacts for a list of fascinating marine animals, or on OceanInfo to find out about sea otters, abalones, and radiolarians.
( http://oceanlink.island.net )
Whale Times

http://www.whaletimes.org
Read the Whale Times to find out how your favourite animals survive in the sea, what they eat, and where they live. Click on Fishin' for Facts to find out what a cookie cutter is, or a fairy penguin.
( http://www.whaletimes.org )
Pond Life in Alberta

http://www.pma.edmonton.ab.ca/natural/insects/projects/pondlife.htm
A pond is an interesting ecosystem, full of invertebrate life, in all its stages. Scoop water at the edge of a slough or pond and you will find all kinds of invertebrates: protozoans, hydras, snails, waterfleas, and more. This Museum of Alberta page tells you how to set up your own pond aquarium.
( http://www.pma.edmonton.ab.ca/natural/insects/projects/pondlife.htm )
A Drop of Life

http://ebiomedia.com/gall/drop/dropmain.html
Investigate the world of single-celled life that exists in a drop of pond water. The protists in your nearest pond are not all that different from the ancient single-celled organisms that started the lines of development into more complex, multicellular life.
( http://ebiomedia.com/gall/drop/dropmain.html )
Frequently Asked Oceanography Questions

http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/pubinfo/
Learn about the environment and research projects, or ask a geologist your questions at this site. What are the hazards to the environment? What are the natural resources we use? Investigate the issues with Western Region Coastal and Marine Geology.
( http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/pubinfo/ )
Topic 6: Water Quality and Water Management

INTERNETCONNECT, page 454

The Northern River Basins Study


http://www.gov.ab.ca/env/water/nrbs/
What is the NRBS? Who conducted the study? How and why was it done? What will be done with the information collected? Find out at this official web site, and read the Final Report or any part of it that interests you.
( http://www.gov.ab.ca/env/water/nrbs/ )
Governments' Response to the NRBS

http://www.gov.ab.ca/env/water/nrbs/response/intro.html
The governments of Canada, Alberta, and the Northwest Territories have worked co-operatively to review and respond to the recommendations of the Northern River Basins Study. This report outlines their action plans to ensure the long-term environmental protection of the Peace, Athabasca, and Slave rivers.
( http://www.gov.ab.ca/env/water/nrbs/response/intro.html )
INTERNETCONNECT, page 462

Water Use in Canada


http://www.ec.gc.ca/water/en/manage/use/e_use.htm
Environment Canada presents all kinds of water use in Canada, from industrial use to city use to home use.
( http://www.ec.gc.ca/water/en/manage/use/e_use.htm )
The Health of Our Water

http://www.agr.gc.ca/nlwis-snite/pub/hw_se/pdf/intro_e.pdf
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada presents an illustrated account of various uses of water related to agriculture.
( http://www.agr.gc.ca/nlwis-snite/pub/hw_se/pdf/intro_e.pdf )
Alberta's Water Resource

http://www3.gov.ab.ca/env/water.html
Somewhat technical information from the Alberta government about water conditions and water use in the province.
( http://www3.gov.ab.ca/env/water.html )
National Water Research Institute

http://www.nwri.ca/
The National Water Research Institute (NWRI) is Canada's largest freshwater research establishment. NWRI generates scientific knowledge through ecosystem-based research to support the development of sound government policies and programs, public decision-making, and early identification of environmental problems.
( http://www.nwri.ca/ )